HIV and AIDS

	Trends in Annual Rates of Death due to Leading Causes of Death among Persons 25-44 Years Old, USA, 1987-2000 Focusing on persons 25 to 44 years old emphasizes the importance of HIV infection among causes of death, because, compared with rates at other ages, the rate of death due to HIV infection is relatively high in this age group, whereas rates of death due to other causes are relatively low. Of all deaths due to HIV infection, about 70% have occurred among persons 25 to 44 years old. HIV infection was the leading cause of death among persons 25 to 44 years old in 1994 and 1995. In 1995, HIV caused about 32,000 deaths, or 20% of the total in this age group (based on ICD-10 rules for selecting the underlying cause of death). The rank of HIV infection fell to 5th place after 1996. In 2000, it caused about 8,000 deaths, or 6% of the total, in this age group	Rates of Death due to Leading Causes, by 5-Year Age Group, USA, 1998 This slide shows age-specific death rates in 1998 on a logarithmic scale. The rate of death due to HIV infection is higher during early childhood than during later childhood because most deaths due to HIV infection in children reflect HIV transmission from mother to child near the time of birth. The HIV death rate is lowest at ages 15 to 19 years because HIV transmission among teenagers usually does not result in death until several years later. The HIV death rate rises steeply during ages 20 to 29, reflecting HIV infections acquired through sexual activity and drug abuse in the teenage and early adult years. It peaks at ages 35 to 44 years and thereafter decreases with age
	Trends in Age-Adjusted Annual Rates of Death due to HIV Infection, by Sex and Race, USA, 1987-1999 Among sex and racial groups, from 1987 through 1995, the age-adjusted rate of death due to HIV infection increased fastest among black females and slowest among white males. As a result, the rate among black females became higher than the rate among white males in 1995. Conversely, from 1995 through 1999, the rate decreased slowest among black females and fastest among white males.	Perinatally Acquired AIDS Cases by Quarter-Year of Diagnosis, 1985-1999, United States The incidence of perinatally acquired AIDS peaked in 1992 and has decreased in recent years. Studies and surveillance data suggest that the implementation of Public Health Service guidelines for universal counseling and voluntary HIV testing of pregnant women and the use of zidovudine by pregnant women and administered to newborn infants account primarily for the decline. Other contributing factors include the increasing proportion of HIV-infected childbearing women who received ZDV therapy before and during pregnancy for treatment of their HIV disease and the use of prophylaxis to prevent AIDS opportunistic infections among children
	Trends in Annual Rates of Death due to Leading Causes of Death among Women 25-44 Years Old, USA, 1987-2000 Among women 25 to 44 years old, HIV infection was the 3rd leading cause of death in 1995, when it caused more than 5,000 deaths, or 11% of the total in this group. The rank of HIV infection fell to 5th place in 1998 and 1999, but rose to 4th place in 2000, when it caused about 2,000 deaths, or 5% of the total in this group	Trends in Age-Adjusted Rate of Death due to HIV Infection USA, 1987-2000 The age-adjusted rate of death due to HIV infection increased almost linearly from 6 deaths per 100,000 population in 1987 to 17 deaths per 100,000 population in 1994 and 1995, then decreased to 7 deaths per 100,000 population in 1997, and seems to have leveled off at about 5 deaths per 100,000 after 1998. The age-adjusted HIV death rate decreased 28% from 1995 to 1996, 45% from 1996 to 1997, 18% from 1997 to 1998, 4% from 1998 to 1999, and 4% from 1999 to 2000. The decrease in the rate in 1996 and 1997 was largely due to improvements in antiretroviral therapy. Prophylactic medications for opportunistic infections and the prevention of HIV infection may also have contributed to this decrease. The recent leveling of the trend may reflect a lack of effectiveness of therapy among some patients. Possible reasons for this include delay in diagnosis of HIV infection until severe symptoms have occurred, improper treatment after diagnosis, difficulty in adherence to medication regimens, and development of viral resistance to therapy.
	AIDS-Defining Conditions Most Commonly Reported for Children <13 Years of Age, Reported through 2000, United States AIDS-defining conditions are the clinical diagnoses reported when a person is determined to have AIDS. The most commonly reported conditions for children are listed. One third of children with AIDS have been diagnosed with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia, and another 24% with lymphoid interstitial pneumonitis. The list of conditions presented is based on cumulative data since the beginning of the epidemic; however, the most commonly reported conditions for children diagnosed more recently have not changed from those reported in earlier years. The case definition for children was not affected by the expanded AIDS criteria added for persons >= 13 years of age in 1993	AIDS Rates per 100,000 Population, Reported in 2000 For cases reported in 2000, AIDS rates (cases per 100,000 population) are shown for each state, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and Guam. Areas with the highest rates in 2000 were Washington, D.C., Puerto Rico, New York, and Florida. Other northeastern and southern states also have relatively high rates of reported AIDS cases. Every state reported some AIDS cases in 2000.
HIV and AIDS statistics in the United States All information comes from CDC - For more images, go here