HTLV-1

HTLV-1 is found in intravenous drug users in the United States and other western countries. It is also associated with HIV infection. The prevalence of HTLV-1 infection in HIV-infected patients is about five times higher than the population as a whole.

In some areas of the United States (e.g. New Orleans), up to half of IV drug users are HTLV-1 infected