Cases of
Rabies in Human Beings in the United States,
by Circumstances of Exposure and Rabies
Virus Variant, 1995-2011
Date of Death |
State of Residence |
Exposure History* |
Rabies Virus Variant† |
March 15, 1995 |
WA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Msp |
September 21,
1995 |
CA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Tb |
October 3,
1995 |
CT |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
November 9,
1995 |
CA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
February 8,
1996 |
FL |
Dog bite -
Mexico |
Dog, Mexico |
August 20,
1996 |
NH |
Dog bite -
Nepal |
Dog, SE Asia |
October 15,
1996 |
KY |
Unknown |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
December 19,
1996 |
MT |
Unknown |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
January 5,
1997 |
MT |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
January 18,
1997 |
WA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ef |
October 17,
1997 |
TX |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
October 23,
1997 |
NJ |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
December 31,
1998 |
VA |
Unknown |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
September 20,
2000 |
CA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Tb |
October 9,
2000 |
NY |
Dog bite -
Ghana |
Dog, Africa |
October 10,
2000 |
GA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Tb |
October 25,
2000 |
MN |
Bat bite - MN |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
November 1,
2000 |
WI |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
February 4,
2001 |
CA |
Unknown# -
Philippines |
Dog,
Philippines |
March 31, 2002 |
CA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Tb |
August 31,
2002 |
TN |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
September 28,
2002 |
IA |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
March 10, 2003 |
VA |
Unknown# |
Raccoon,
Eastern US |
June 5, 2003 |
PR |
Bite |
Dog/Mongoose,
Puerto Rico |
September 14,
2003 |
CA |
Bite |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
February 15,
2004 |
FL |
Bite |
Dog, Hati |
May 3, 2004 |
AR |
Bite (organ
donor) |
Bat, Tb |
June 7, 2004 |
OK |
Liver
transplant recipient |
Bat, Tb |
June 9, 2004 |
TX |
Kidney
transplant recipient |
Bat, Tb |
June 10, 2004 |
TX |
Arterial
transplant recipient |
Bat, Tb |
June 21, 2004 |
TX |
Kidney
transplant recipient |
Bat, Tb |
Survived, 2004 |
WI |
Unknown# |
Bat, Unknown |
October 26,
2004 |
CA |
Unknown# |
Dog, El
Salvador |
September 27,
2005 |
MS |
Unknown# |
Bat, Unknown |
May 12, 2006 |
TX |
Unknown# |
Bat, Tb |
November 2,
2006 |
IN |
Bite |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
December 14,
2006 |
CA |
Bite |
Dog,
Philippines |
October 20,
2007 |
MN |
Bite |
Bat, Unknown |
March 18, 2008 |
CA |
Bite-Mexico |
Fox,
Tb-related |
November 30,
2008 |
MO |
Bite |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
Survived, 2009 |
TX |
Unknown# |
Bat, Unknown |
October 20,
2009 |
IN |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ps |
November 11,
2009 |
MI |
Unknown# |
Bat, Ln/Ps |
November 20,
2009 |
VA |
Bite |
Dog, India |
August 21,
2010 |
LA |
Bite |
Bat, Mexico,
Ds |
January 10,
2011 |
WI |
Unknown |
Bat, Ps |
Survived, 2011 |
CA |
Unknown |
Unknown |
July 20, 2011 |
NJ |
Bite |
Dog, Haiti |
August 31,
2011 |
NY |
Bite |
Dog,
Afghanistan |
* Data for
exposure history are reported only when the
biting animal was available and tested positive
for rabies; or when plausible information was
reported directly by the patient (if lucid or
credible); or when a reliable account of an
incident consistent with rabies exposure (e.g.,
dog bite) was reported by an independent witness
(usually a family member).
# In some
instances where the exposure history is unknown,
there may have been known or inferred
interaction which, especially for bats, could
have involved an unrecognized bite.
† Variants of the
rabies virus associated with terrestrial animals
in the United States are identified with the
name of the reservoir animal (dog or dog/coyote
in all cases shown) followed by the name of the
most definitive geographic entity (usually the
country) from which the variant has been
identified. Variants of the rabies virus
associated with bats are identified with the
name(s) of the species of bat(s) in which they
have been found to be circulating. Because
information regarding the location of the
exposure and the identity of the exposing animal
are almost always retrospective, and much
information is frequently unavailable, the
location of the exposure and the identity of the
animal responsible for the infection are often
limited to deduction.
Ln/Ps=Lasionycteris
noctivagans or Pipistrellus subflavus,
the silver-haired bat or the eastern pipistrelle;
Msp=Myotis, species unknown; Tb=Tadarida
brasiliensis, the Brazilian (Mexican)
free-tailed bat; Ef=Eptesicus fuscus,
the big brown bat; Ds=Desmodus rotundus,
the vampire bat.